【Old Chinese / 上古漢語】Republic of China (Taiwan) national anthem sung in Old Chinese / 用上古漢語唱中華民國國歌裡有很多上古時期的重點,霧山豸砂 Kat Mistberg 在2022-10-10 18:00:12發布了相關資料,想跟大家分享。原文出處
【為什麼我們要挑選這篇文章】【Old Chinese / 上古漢語】Republic of China (Taiwan) national anthem sung in Old Chinese / 用上古漢語唱中華民國國歌或許您看完之後會有更多的想法,但是 或許看過霧山豸砂 Kat Mistberg的深度介紹之後,會有不同的觀感。趣事編輯小組看完【Old Chinese / 上古漢語】Republic of China (Taiwan) national anthem sung in Old Chinese / 用上古漢語唱中華民國國歌之後,對於上古時期有了更新的了解,就算是整部影片看完到結束之後,內心更是充滿深沈的想像。
[資料照]
Lyrics / 歌詞:
Traditional characters / 正體漢字
Old Chinese reconstruction (Baxter–Sagart) / 上古漢語擬音(Baxter–Sagart)
Attempted Old Chinese pronunciation (IPA) / 試唱 ê 上古漢語發音(國際音標)
Standard Mandarin pronunciation (IPA) / 華語發音(國際音標)
三民主義,吾黨所宗;
/*s.rum mi[ŋ] toʔ ŋ(r)aj-s ŋˤa tˤaŋʔ s-qʰ‹r›aʔ [ts]ˤuŋ/
[*sɾum miŋ toʔ ŋajs ŋˤa tˤaŋʔ sqʰɾaʔ tsˤuŋ]
[san˦ min˧˨˧ t͡ʂu˧˩ i˥˨ u˧˨˧ taŋ˧˩ swo˧˩ t͡soŋ˦]
以建民國,以進大同。
/*ləʔ [k]a[n]-s mi[ŋ] [C.q]ʷˤək ləʔ [ts][i][n]-s lˤat-s lˤoŋ/
[*lɯʔ kans miŋ qʷˤɯk̚ lɯʔ tsins lˤats lˤoŋ]
[i˧˩ t͡ɕjɛn˥˨ min˧˨˧ kwo˧˨˧ i˧˩ t͡ɕin˥˨ ta˥˨ tʰoŋ˧˨˧]
咨爾多士,為民前鋒;
/*[ts]ij n[ə][r]ʔ [t.l]ˤaj [m-s-]rəʔ ɢʷ(r)aj-s mi[ŋ] [dz]ˤen pʰ(r)oŋ/
[*tsij nɯɾʔ tlˤaj msɾɯʔ ɢʷajs miŋ dzˤen pʰoŋ]
[t͡sz̩˦ ɚ˧˩ two˦ ʂʐ˥˨ wei̯˥˨ min˧˨˧ t͡ɕʰjɛn˧˨˧ foŋ˦]
夙夜匪懈,主義是從。
/*[s]uk [ɢ]Ak-s pəjʔ N-kˤreʔ toʔ ŋ(r)aj-s [d]eʔ [dz]oŋ/
[*suk̚ ɢaks pɯjʔ ŋ̩kˤɾeʔ toʔ ŋajs deʔ dzoŋ]
[su˥˨ je˥˨ fei̯˧˩ ɕje˥˨ t͡ʂu˧˩ i˥˨ ʂʐ̩˥˨ t͡sʰoŋ˧˨˧]
矢勤矢勇,必信必忠;
/*l̥i[j]ʔ [g]ər l̥i[j]ʔ loŋʔ pi[t] s-ni[ŋ]-s pi[t] truŋ/
[*l̥ijʔ gɯɾ l̥ijʔ loŋʔ pit̚ sniŋs pit̚ tɾuŋ]
[ʂʐ˧˩ t͡ɕʰin˧˨˧ ʂʐ˧˩ joŋ˧˩ pi˥˨ ɕin˥˨ pi˥˨ t͡ʂoŋ˦]
一心一德,貫徹始終。
/*ʔi[t] səm ʔi[t] tˤək kˤon-s tʰret l̥əʔ tuŋ/
[*ʔit̚ sɯm ʔit̚ tˤɯk̚ kˤons tʰɾet̚ l̥ɯʔ tuŋ]
[i˥˨ ɕin˦ i˥˨ tə˧˨˧ kwan˥˨ t͡ʂʰə˥˨ ʂʐ˧˩ t͡ʂoŋ˦]
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What is “Old Chinese”? / 「上古漢語」是啥?:
“Old Chinese” is a broad term encompassing many historical varieties of “Chinese”: the Chinese languages spoken before the Qin dynasty (before 221 BCE), the ancestor of all modern Chinese (Sinitic) languages (including the Min languages), and the language of the earliest Chinese classical texts, which Classical/LIterary Chinese developed from. (Baxter and Sagart, 2014) There have been attempts at reconstructing the phonology of Old Chinese (what sounds there were in the language and how they evolved), the most recent one being Baxter and Sagart’s 2014 book “Old Chinese: A New Reconstruction”.
「上古漢語」chit-个詞有覆蓋 chok chē 種古早 ê 漢語:秦朝以前(西元 221 年以前)ê 漢語、現代漢語族 ê 語言 ê 祖先 mā koh 有上早 ê 漢語文獻(文言文、漢文 toh 是 ùi chia 來–ê)ê 語言。(Baxter kap Sagart,2014)儂有 leh 試 leh 重建上古漢語 ê 音系(chit-个語言有啥物音素),á 上蓋新–ê 是 Baxter kap Sagart 2014 年出版 ê 書「Old Chinese: A New Reconstruction」。
So this is what Chinese sounded like 2000 something years ago? / 所以 2000 jōa 年前 ê 漢語聽–起來 toh 是 án-ne?
Not exactly. 1) Old Chinese is old enough that we can’t be sure of the details of its phonology, and 2) knowing its phonology (what distinctions between sounds people made) doesn’t mean we know its pronunciation (how exactly the different sounds are pronounced). My attempted pronunciation is merely a possible rendition of how Old Chinese could have been pronounced.
Eⁿ… 毋是。因為一、已經 siuⁿ 久 ah,咱無法度完全知影上古漢語音系 ê 細節 á koh 有二、知影音系(一个語言內底啥物聲音是無仝–ê)無代表知影發音(每一个音素是 ài án-chóaⁿ 發音)。我試唱 ê 發音是上古漢語一个可能 ê 發音 niâ。
Why did /*ə/ become [*ɯ]? / /*ə/ nà ē 變做 [*ɯ]?:
According to Baxter and Sagart (2014) page 194, /*ə/ is the same as /*ɨ/ of Baxter (1992) and Sagart (1999c), and in Baxter (1992) page 181, /*ɨ/ is [+ high], [+ back], [- round], and [- low], which I render as [*ɯ].
根據 Baxter kap Sagart (2014) 第 194 頁 /*ə/ kap Baxter (1992) kap Sagart (1999c) ê /*ɨ/ 仝款,á 根據 Baxter (1992) 第 181 頁 /*ɨ/ 是 [+ high]、[+ back]、[- round]、[- low],等於大概是 [*ɯ]。
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Sources / 來源:
– Flag / 國旗:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg
– Small Seal script / 小篆:
https://hanziyuan.net (main / 主要–ê)
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Ancient_Chinese_characters_project (為, 夙)
– Old Chinese reconstruction (Baxter–Sagart) / 上古漢語擬音(Baxter–Sagart):
https://ocbaxtersagart.lsait.lsa.umich.edu/
– Standard Mandarin pronunciation (IPA) / 華語發音(國際音標):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Chinese_phonology
Using a general Taiwanese accent ([-oŋ] for ㄥ, ㄨㄥ, and ㄩㄥ rimes, and Taipei-style tone contours)
用臺灣式發音(ㄥ、ㄨㄥ、ㄩㄥ發 [-oŋ] kap 臺北式聲調)
– Instrumental / 管弦樂:
– Vocals / 歌唱: me
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Links / 鏈仔:
Twitter: @KatMistberg
Tweets by KatMistberg
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